Plain Language: Improving Communications from the Federal Government to the Public


Powered by Google

 
 
Home
What is PL?
Why PL?
Using PL?
Examples
How To/Tools
Popular Topics
Resources
How To/Tools>Guidelines> Federal Plain Language Guidelines> Use the simplest form of a verb

Use the simplest form of a verb


The simplest—and strongest—form of a verb is present tense. A document written in the present tense is more immediate and less complicated. Using the present tense makes your document more direct and forceful. The more you use conditional or future tense, the harder your reader has to work to understand your meaning. Writing entirely in the present tense saves your reader work and helps make your point clearly.

Don’t say Say
These sections describe types of information that would satisfy the application requirements of Circular A-110 as it would apply to this grant program. These sections tell you how to meet the requirements of Circular A-110 for this grant program.

Even if you are covering an event that occurred in the past, you can clarify the material for your reader by writing as much as possible in the present tense.

Don’t say Say

Applicants who were Federal employees at the time that the injury was sustained should have filed a compensation request at that time. Failure to do so could have an effect on the degree to which the applicant can be covered under this part.

You may not be covered under this part if:

  1. You were a Federal employee at the time of the injury; and
  2. You did not file a claim at that time.

Occasionally, of course, you may need to use other tenses. For example, NEPA documents frequently refer to what may happen in the future if certain events occur. But use tenses other than the present only when necessary for accuracy.


AUDIENCE

• Identify your audience and write to them
• Address separate audiences separately

ORGANIZATION

• Organize to meet your audience's needs
• Address one person, not a group
• Use lots of useful headings
• Write short sections

WRITING: Words

verbs
• Use active voice
• Use the simplest form of a verb
• Don't turn verbs into nouns
• Use "must" to convey requirements
• Use contractions when appropriate
nouns and pronouns
• Avoid noun strings
• Use "you" and other pronouns to speak directly to readers
• Minimize abbreviations
other word issues
• Use short, simple words
• Omit unnecessary words
• Dealing with definitions
• Use the same term consistently for a specific thought or object
• Avoid legal, foreign, and technical jargon
• Don't use slashes

WRITING: Sentences

• Write short sentences
• Keep subject, verb, and object close together
• Avoid double negatives and exceptions to exceptions
• Place the main idea before exceptions and conditions
• Place words carefully

WRITING: Paragraphs

• Have a topic sentence
• Use transition words
• Write short paragraphs
• Include only one issue in each paragraph

WRITING: Other

• Use examples
• Use vertical lists
• Use tables to make complex material easier to understand
• Consider using illustrations
• Use emphasis to highlight important concepts
• Minimize cross-references
• Design for ease of reading

TESTING

• Testing your Document
 
Home|About Us|Contact Us|Privacy and Other Policies|Feedback|Community|News|USA.gov
 
Site hosted by the Federal Aviation Administration
An Official Site of the U.S. Government.